浅谈完形填空中理性思维与感性思维的综合运用
浅谈完形填空中理性思维与感性思维的综合运用
王丽梅
纵观历年高考试题，完型填空的命题日趋成熟，选材符合中学生认知水平，设题方式科学，考查目明确．但对于一套试卷，学生感到没有把握，重视度较高的也是这一题．笔者通过近几年的教学实践与反思，对学生容易犯错的原因进行整理归纳，发现其对于选项的选择，文章的理解容易用纯感性的方式去猜想而不是进行理性的判断，这种跟着感觉走的解题方式容易造成判断的偏差和对文章意义的误解．
对于这一题型的解题方法，我们一般从大的基本过程上去做文章，比如，第一步：通读一遍，掌握大意，选出最有把握的几题．第二步：精读，把文章理顺，做出选择．第三步：带入选项读一遍，检查所选项在行文过程中是否通顺．学生都能用这种正确的方法做题，但得分的关键不止是这种＂三遍式＂的抽象方法能解决的．而是需要理性判断与感性理解的综合运用．而大部分高考试卷中对完型填空文章的选择都以夹叙夹议文为主，下面以２００８年湖北高考英语完型填空为例就如何进行这种综合运用谈几点建议．
On a warm Monday, Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees. Rolling down the windows to 41 in fresh air, she settled back to enjoy her lunch. Suddenly she 42 a big bald（秃顶的）man running through the parking lot. Before she came to 43 what would happen, the man was there, shouting through her window, “Get out!”
Neilson 44.
Pulling open her door, the man seized her 45 the neck and hair, and threw her out of the car onto the ground. She screamed, 46 her purse and the keys.
Two reporters of the local newspaper, Robert Bruce and Jeff Jackson, just outside their office building on a 47, heard the screams and began running .
When they 48 Neilson’s car, the attacker had jumped into the driver’s seat and was 49 searching for the keys. Bruce opened the door, and he and Jackson dragged the man out. The attacker 50 back. But even in his cornered panic, he was no 51 for the two athletic men.
Reggie Miller, a worker of the local newspaper, heard the screams, too. He rushed back to the office to 52 the police, and then ran back with some plastic ropes —— used to tie up newspapers.
With his arms 53 tight behind him, the prisoner looked up and said 54 , “I hope you guys feel good about yourselves—— you just caught one of the most wanted men.” They 55 him and waited for the police.
Later, Bruce and Jackson were shocked to learn the man was the 56 carjacker （劫车者）and suspected murderer, whose 57—— but with a full head of hair—— had been recently printed in their own newspaper.
Neilson considers herself lucky 58 she suffered injuries. She believes the story might have had a 59 ending if those good people had not come to her aid. “Unfortunately,” she said, “many people would 60 have done what they did, and that’ the real truth.”
41. A. bring B. let C. gather D. send
42. A. recognized B. watched C. noticed D. met
43. A. realize B. understand C. imagine D. conclude
44. A. escaped B. struggled C. refused D. obeyed
45. A. by B. around C. with D. on
46. A. burying B. forgetting C. offering D. grabbing
47. A. trip B. visit C. break D. holiday
48. A. started B. stopped C. entered D. reached
49. A. carefully B. madly C. disappointedly D. patiently
50. A. fought B. turned C. jumped D. shouted
51. A. match B. target C. equal D. companion
52. A. remind B. phone C. invite D. beg
53. A. rolled B. folded C. bent D. tied
54. A. angrily B. kindly C. coldly D. warmly
55. A. caught B. thanked C. comforted D. ignored
56. A. ordinary B. professional C. honest D. outstanding
57. A. picture B. background C. character D. story
58. A. and B. but C. though D. when ，
59. A. ridiculous B. similar C. strange D. different
60. A. sometimes B. never C. often D. forever
一．根据行文逻辑选择固定搭配．
比如，题中第４１，４５，５１题，都是根据行文逻辑以及固定搭配选出正确选项，不必通过上下文来推测．这类题可以在第一次浏览全文时做出来．
二．根据上下文提示及文章逻辑来选择．
第４２，４３，４４，４６，４７，４８，５２，５３，５６，５７题，都可以根据故事发展顺序，行文逻辑，以及常识来判断．这类题需要对文章入乎其内，在空间上把握所讲故事，在头脑内形成画面感，体察作者的动作与叙述方式和顺序．比如，从４２题开始讲述事件故事，Neilson注意到一个人跑过来，然后还没意识到会发生什么事，就被劫持，只好听从命令从车里下来，但手里紧抓着包和钥匙．这都是需要做题者在头脑里想象，然后根据所形成的画面感来做出正确选择．
三．根据文章人物的情感发展作出判断．
此类题基于上一点所述，也要进入角色体会文章人物的情感情绪体验，排除自己作为旁观者的感情，根据情感逻辑去作出正确选择．比如，第４９，５４，５５，５８，５９，６０题，就属于这类题．第４９题中，劫持者看到有人发现自己作案，赶紧跳进车去疯狂地找钥匙，被抓之后，他冷冷地对两位抓他的人说话．这些选择都要符合一个亡命之徒情急之下的做法以及作为一个通缉犯的狠毒．最后Neilson是在庆幸自己在他人帮助下逃脱一场恶运之后，进行的反思，如果当时没有人帮忙，她所经历的这件事会有一个完全不同的结果．
综上所述，做此类夹叙夹议篇章的完型填空既要入乎其内把自己当成当事人去经历一件事，去体验当事人的情感，去欣赏一篇让人有所感悟的文章，甚至获得情感共鸣．这需要做题者的感性投入．同时，也需要出乎其外，审视文章行文逻辑，判断文章人物的感情发展过程，运用常识和逻辑判断使文章通顺流畅．这需要做题者的理性思维．
因此，笔者认为，在学生掌握了做完型填空的基本方法和步骤后，重点放在语感的养成和思维的培养上，帮学生学会自己思考和判断，是做好此题的关键．
- 相关信息
- 没有关键字相关信息!
上一篇：中学生不良政治学习行为初探[ 11-17 ]
下一篇：由学生不懂“航母”所想到的[ 11-17 ]
