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虚拟语气知识

作者:湖北天门中学高三年级英语组 来源: 发布时间:2009年11月03日
 
虚拟语气知识
                                           Written by Zhang Yingchun
   注:文中带的内容仅供了解, 不必作为重点掌握。
 (一)虚拟语气在条件句中的形式:
 
If 从句
             主句
过去
had + done
would/should/could/might + have done
现在
过去式(be用were)
would/should/could/might +动词原形
 
将来
过去式(be用were)
 
would/should/could/might +动词原形
were to + 原形
should + 原形
(二)条件状语从句中虚拟语气的特殊用法
1 . 虚拟语气条件状语从句的倒装问题:
if从句中有助动词were /should /had时,可省略if, 将were /should /had 提前, 变成倒装句。
e.g. 1) Were I you , I would give an AIDS patient a hug .
         2) Had you come earlier , you could have seen Tom .
         3) Should it snow hard tomorrow , I would stay at home .
    如果从句是否定句, 倒装时不可将not 提前。
e.g. 4) If he should not come tomorrow , what would we do ?
       → Should he not come tomorrow , …
         5)  If I hadn’t taken his advice , I might have failed in the experiment .
→ Had I not taken his advice , …
2 . If it were not for / If it had not been for 表示 “ 要不是有 … ”,从句也可以倒装。
      1) If it were not for the fact that he can’t sing , we would invite him to attend the party .
           → Were it not for the fact that he can’t sing , …
    2)  If it had not been for her good care , I wouldn’t have got well so soon .
          → Had it not been for her good care , …
 3 . should用在if 从句中意为“万一”,主句除用虚拟语气外, 还可用祈使语气和陈述语气
      e.g. 1) What would happen if the earth should stop moving ?
           2) Should she fail to come , please ask Jack to take her place .
           3) Don’t be silly . Should you die from the accident , we’ll feel very sad .

 

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